Which of the following allows a system administrator to manage user and group permissions effectively?

The concept of permissions inheritance is fundamental in managing user and group permissions effectively. Permissions inheritance allows a system administrator to set permissions on a parent object, which then automatically cascades down to child objects. This means that when a user or group is assigned permissions at a higher level (like a folder or a directory), those settings apply to all contained files or subfolders unless explicitly overridden. This not only saves time in setting permissions individually for multiple objects but also ensures consistency in security measures across the system.

The approach of single group membership only would limit flexibility and complicate the management of user permissions. With such a restriction, users can be part of only one group, which can lead to challenges in providing the necessary access levels required for varied functions within an organization.

Application-layer filtering pertains to security measures at the application level, focusing on controlling data traffic based on application rules rather than user permissions. This is not directly related to user and group management.

Static IP addressing refers to a fixed IP address assigned to a device, which does not change over time. This is more relevant to network configurations than to managing user and group permissions.

In summary, utilizing permissions inheritance allows for a more streamlined, effective approach to managing user access, making it the correct choice for this